Says that behavior that is rewarded will increase, while behavior that is punished will decrease.

1. erg theory

2. reinforcement theory

3. equity theory

says that behavior that is rewarded will increase, while behavior that is punished will decrease.

if a person’s headache goes away when he takes aspirin, the person is then more likely to take aspirin in the future. this is an example of

1. extinction

2. positive reinforcement

3. avoidance learning

4. punishment

In which of the following games is it clearly the case that the cooperative outcome of the game is good for the two players and bad for society? a. two oil companies own adjacent oil fields over a common pool of oil, and each company decides whether to drill one well or two wells. b. two airlines dominate air travel between city a and city b, and each airline decides whether to charge a "high" airfare or a "low" airfare on flights between those two cities. c. two superpowers decide whether to build new weapons or to disarm. d. in all of the above cases, the cooperative outcome of the game is good for the two players and bad for society