Although a major advantage of the corporate form of entity is the liability protection for its principals, there are some cases where a court will disregard the corporate entity and allow a creditor or judgment holder to reach through the corporation to the personal assets of its principals.
a) this is called piercing the corporate veil and may result in significant liability for the corporation's principals.
b) ultimately, the law provides a fairness standard for when the corporate veil should be pierced.
c) business owners and managers can limit liability and control risk by understanding the circumstances under which a court will pierce the corporate veil.

You manage an equity fund with an expected risk premium of 10% and a standard deviation of 14%. the rate on treasury bills is 6%. your client chooses to invest $60,000 of her portfolio in your equity fund and $40,000 in a t-bill money market fund. what is the expected return and standard deviation of return on your client’s portfolio?

John novosel was employed by nationwide insurance company for fifteen years. novosel had been a model employee and, at the time of discharge, was a district claims manager and a candidate for the position of division claims manager. during novosel's fifteenth year of employment, nationwide circulated a memorandum requesting the participation of all employees in an effort to lobby the pennsylvania state legislature for the passage of a certain bill before the body. novosel, who had privately indicated his disagreement with nationwide's political views, refused to lend his support to the lobby, and his employment with nationwide was terminated. novosel brought two separate claims against nationwide, arguing, first, that his discharge for refusing to lobby the state legislature on behalf of nationwide constituted the tort of wrongful discharge in that it was arbitrary, malicious, and contrary to public policy. novosel also contended that nationwide breached an implied contract guaranteeing continued employment so long as his job performance was satisfactory. what decision as to each claim?

Acompany determined that the budgeted cost of producing a product is $30 per unit. on june 1, there were 80,000 units on hand, the sales department budgeted sales of 300,000 units in june, and the company desires to have 120,000 units on hand on june 30. the budgeted cost of goods sold for june would be