Why is it difficult to improve the well-being of a group through income transfers? a. high-income voters are reluctant to those less fortunate than themselves. b. transfer programs encourage recipients to become more productive and, as a result, their funding tends to decline with the passage of time. c. unintended secondary effects and competition for transfers reduce the net gains of the intended beneficiaries. d. modern politicians are reluctant to levy taxes for the finance of income transfer programs that benefit specific groups of citizens.

Amanufacturing firm is considering overhauling the existing compensation strategy. currently every front line employee who works on the assembly line earns the same hourly wage. ideally, management would like to institute a new pay system that involves pay-for-performance. which of the following recommendations is both consistent with scientific management's general emphases and generally good advice for management of this firma. the firm should adopt a differential pay system with one pay level for average performance, and a higher level for good performance. b. the firm should adopt a differential pay system, but the firm should modify it from its original design and provide many different levels of pay associated with different performance levels. c. the firm should understand worker psychology and to focus on pay as the key motivator. d. all of the abovee. none of the above