2. explain what happens to the demand curve
for apples as a consequence of each of the
following:
a. more people begin to prefer apples to
oranges.
b. the price of peaches rises (because peaches
are a substitute for apples).
c. people's incomes rise (and apples are a
normal good).

The law of demand states that consumers will request more of a product if its price decreases. For supplement goods, an increase in the price of one will increase demand for the other. The demand curve for apples will react as follows.

Explanation:

A). More people begin to prefer apples to oranges.

Should peoples' preference change to apples, the demand for oranges will decrease while that of apples will increase. The demand curve is downward sloping. If demand increases, the demand curve will shift to the right. It is also referred to as moving outwards. In this case, the demand curve for apples will shift to the right.

B) The price of peaches rises (because peaches are a substitute for apples).

Substitutes imply a good can be used in place of another. If the price of a substitute increases, it demands decreases. The demand for the substitute good will go up. An increase in the price of peaches will increase the demand for apples. As a result, the demand curve will shift outwards. In other words, shift to the right.

C. People's incomes rise (and apples are a normal good).

Demand for normal goods increase as the people's income rises. More people will afford to buy apples. If people are now earning more, the demand for apples will go up. The demand curve will shift to the right to indicate a surge in demand.

answer; buying the bill at a discount from the face value to be received at maturity;