Amanufacturer of a brand of high-end hiking boots and specialized athletic shoes has hired your agency to run a print campaign. you tell the client that a full-page, black-and-white ad in hiking and biking magazine will cost them $1,650 to run once. you also remind the client that the circulation of the magazine is 42,000. to give the client the cost per thousand for this media buy, which formula would you use?

Assume that the following conditions exist: a. all banks are fully loaned up- there are no excess reserves, and desired excess reserves are always zero. b. the money multiplier is 5 .     c. the planned investment schedule is such that at a 4 percent rate of interest, investment =$1450 billion. at 5 percent, investment is $1420 billion. d. the investment multiplier is 3 . e.. the initial equilibrium level of real gdp is $12 trillion. f. the equilibrium rate of interest is 4 percent now the fed engages in contractionary monetary policy. it sells $1 billion worth of bonds, which reduces the money supply, which in turn raises the market rate of interest by 1 percentage point. calculate the decrease in money supply after fed's sale of bonds: $nothing billion.

When the amount for land is 36,000 and the amount paid for expenses is 10,000, the balance of total asset is

Which of these is an example of innovation?