Match the term on the left with the best definition on the right. part a1. cost of retained earnings 2. cost of new common equity 3. flotation costs 4. cost of debt 5. cost of preferred stock part ba. the cost of new external stock issue, including compensation for the investment banker b. the expenses incurred when selling new issues of securities c. the rate of return required by stockholders on a firm's existing common stock d. calculated by dividing the the issue's dividend in dollars by its market price e. can be estimated by the ytm on a similar outstanding issue, less the tax adjustment

2. the external environment (connect)choose whether each example belongs in the general, task, or internal environment. exampleenvironmenta worldwide recession task environment / general environment / internal environmentlocal mothers asking their community grocery store to carry no-salt cheerios-type cereal for their babies task environment / general environment / internal environmentchoose the phrase that best completes the following sentence. the relationship between the task environment and the general environment is best described as: a one-way system: changes in the task environment affect the general environment, but changes in the general environment do not affect the task environment. an open system: changes in the task environment affect the general environment, and changes in the general environment affect the task environment. a one-way system: changes in the general environment affect the task environment, but changes in the task environment do not affect the general environment. a closed system: changes in the general environment do not affect the task environment, and changes in the task environment do not affect the general environment.©bloomberg via getty imagesmanagement in the newsin april 2010, the explosion of british petroleum’s (bp) deepwater horizon oil drilling rig and the accompanying oil spill dramatically changed the external environment in which all oil companies operate. the explosion released more oil than any other accidental spill in history and had a huge impact on the waters and surrounding communities of the gulf coast. the conditions that led to the spill, the attempts to stop the spill, and the clean-up and aftermath of the spill prompted debates in the u. s. senate, concern on wall street, and attention from companies all over the world. match each oil spill event with a specific dimension of the general environment. eventgeneral environment dimensionbp stock prices falling 25% during the first month after the oil spill oil seeping into pelican nesting grounds, which will place the brown pelican back on the endangered species list people moving from louisiana to oklahoma to avoid the effects of the spill