Rent controls force landlords to price apartments below the equilibrium price level. an immediate effect is a shortage (excess demand) of apartments, because the quantity of apartments demanded is greater than the quantity supplied at the regulated price. when cities prevent landlords from charging market rents, which of the following are common long-run outcomes? check all that apply. the quality of rental housing units falls. the quantity of available rental housing units falls. nonprice methods of rationing emerge. black markets develop.

Option (A) and (D) are correct.

Explanation:

When there is an enforcement by the government for rent control and force landlords to lower the apartment price below the equilibrium level.

This means that there is a fall in the price of apartments then this will lead to increase the demand for apartments by the consumers. Therefore, demand for apartments exceeds the supply of apartments. It will be less profitable for the suppliers to increase the supply of apartments. Hence, this will lead to fall in the quality of apartments because landlords are less interested in the maintenance of the apartments.

Lower price of apartments also results in black market. Most of the landlords are trying to fool the government and charge higher prices from the consumers. This will be done with no proper paper work and legal documentation. So, there is a creation of black market.

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