If a researcher asks a consumer why s/he wants to buy a nokia cell phone, and learns, "they look well built" (attribute); then asks "why is it important that the phone be well built? " and learns "it suggests nokia is reliable" (a functional benefit); then asks "why is reliability important? " and learns "because my colleagues or family can be sure to reach me" (an emotional benefit), the researcher is using a technique called
a) brand personificationb) projective techniquec) visualizationd) ladderinge) zaltman metaphor elicitation technique