The approach to planning that focuses on the formulating certain tactics to achieve specific organizational goals is called

a. communication campaign management
b. management by objectives
c. strategic planning
d. an agency planning model

Assume today is december 31, 2013. barrington industries expects that its 2014 after-tax operating income [ebit(1 – t)] will be $400 million and its 2014 depreciation expense will be $70 million. barrington's 2014 gross capital expenditures are expected to be $120 million and the change in its net operating working capital for 2014 will be $25 million. the firm's free cash flow is expected to grow at a constant rate of 4.5% annually. assume that its free cash flow occurs at the end of each year. the firm's weighted average cost of capital is 8.6%; the market value of the company's debt is $2.15 billion; and the company has 180 million shares of common stock outstanding. the firm has no preferred stock on its balance sheet and has no plans to use it for future capital budgeting projects. using the corporate valuation model, what should be the company's stock price today (december 31, 2013)? round your answer to the nearest cent. do not round intermediate calculations.

Assume that all of thurmond company’s sales are credit sales. it has been the practice of thurmond company to provide for uncollectible accounts expense at the rate of one-half of one percent of net credit sales. for the year 20x1 the company had net credit sales of $2,021,000 and the allowance for doubtful accounts account had a credit balance, before adjustments, of $630 as of december 31, 20x1. during 20x2, the following selected transactions occurred: jan. 20 the account of h. scott, a deceased customer who owed $325, was determined to be uncollectible and was therefore written off. mar. 16 informed that a. nettles, a customer, had been declared bankrupt. his account for $898 was written off. apr. 23 the $906 account of j. kenney & sons was written off as uncollectible. aug. 3 wrote off as uncollectible the $750 account of clarke company. oct. 20 wrote off as uncollectible the $1,130 account of g. michael associates. oct. 27 received a check for $325 from the estate of h. scott. this amount had been written off on january 20 of the current year. dec. 20 cater company paid $7,000 of the $7,500 it owed thurmond company. since cater company was going out of business, the $500 balance it still owed was deemed uncollectible and written off. required: prepare journal entries for the december 31, 20x1, and the seven 20x2 transactions on the work sheets provided at the back of this unit. then answer questions 8 and 9 on the answer sheet. t-accounts are also provided for your use in answering these questions. 8. which one of the following entries should have been made on december 31, 20x1?

Palmer frosted flakes company offers its customers a pottery cereal bowl if they send in 3 boxtops from palmer frosted flakes boxes and $1. the company estimates that 60% of the boxtops will be redeemed. in 2012, the company sold 675,000 boxes of frosted flakes and customers redeemed 330,000 boxtops receiving 110,000 bowls. if the bowls cost palmer company $3 each, how much liability for outstanding premiums should be recorded at the end of 2012?