With respect to total variable costs, which of the following statements is true? a. they will remain the same as production levels change within the relevant range. b. they will decrease as production decreases within the relevant range. c. they will increase as production decreases within the relevant range. d. they will decrease as production increases within the relevant range.

Suppose a firm faces a fixed price of output, 푝푝= 1200. the firm hires workers from a union at a daily wage, 푤푤, to produce output according to the production function 푞푞= 2퐸퐸12. there are 225 workers in the union. any union worker who does not work for this firm is guaranteed to find nonunion employment at a wage of $96 per day. a. what is the firm’s labor demand function? b. if the firm is allowed to choose 푤푤, but then the union decides how many workers to provide (up to 225) at that wage, what wage will the firm set? how many workers will the union provide? what is the firm’s output and profit? what is the total income of the 225 union workers? c. now suppose that the union sets the wage, but the firm decides how many workers to hire at that wage (up to 225). what wage will the union set to maximize the total income of all 225 workers? how many workers will the firm hire? what is the firm’s output and profit? what is the total income of the 225 union workers? [hint: to maximize total income of union, take the first order condition with respect to w and set equal to 0.]

On analyzing her company’s goods transport route, simone found that they could reduce transport costs by a quarter if they merged different transport routes. what role (job) does simone play at her company? simone is at her company.

Arecession is defined as a period in which