Lo20-5 indicate with the appropriate letter the nature of each situation described below: type of change pr change in principle reported retrospectively pp change in principle reported prospectively e change in estimate ep change in estimate resulting from a change in principle r change in reporting entity n not an accounting change 1. change from declining balance depreciation to straight-line 2. change in the estimated useful life of office equipment 3. technological advance that renders worthless a patent with an unamortized cost of $45,000 4. change from determining lower of cost or net realizable value (lcnrv) for the inventories by the individual item approach to the aggregate approach 5. change from lifo inventory costing to the weighted-average inventory costing 6. settling a lawsuit for less than the amount accrued previously as a loss contingency 7. including in the consolidated financial statements a subsidiary acquired several years earlier that was appropriat

The strength of the economy depends on the balance pf production and consumption of goods and consumption of goods and services

Problem 9-5. net present value and taxes [lo 1, 2] penguin productions is evaluating a film project. the president of penguin estimates that the film will cost $20,000,000 to produce. in its first year, the film is expected to generate $16,500,000 in net revenue, after which the film will be released to video. video is expected to generate $10,000,000 in net revenue in its first year, $2,500,000 in its second year, and $1,000,000 in its third year. for tax purposes, amortization of the cost of the film will be $12,000,000 in year 1 and $8,000,000 in year 2. the company’s tax rate is 35 percent, and the company requires a 12 percent rate of return on its films. required what is the net present value of the film project? to simplify, assume that all outlays to produce the film occur at time 0. should the company produce the film?

9. tax types: taxes are classified based on whether they are applied directly to income, called direct taxes, or to some other measurable performance characteristic of the firm, called indirect taxes. identify each of the following as a “direct tax,” an “indirect tax,” or something else: a. corporate income tax paid by a japanese subsidiary on its operating income b. royalties paid to saudi arabia for oil extracted and shipped to world markets c. interest received by a u. s. parent on bank deposits held in london d. interest received by a u. s. parent on a loan to a subsidiary in mexico e. principal repayment received by u. s. parent from belgium on a loan to a wholly owned subsidiary in belgium f. excise tax paid on cigarettes manufactured and sold within the united states g. property taxes paid on the corporate headquarters building in seattle h. a direct contribution to the international committee of the red cross for refugee relief i. deferred income tax, shown as a deduction on the u. s. parent’s consolidated income tax j. withholding taxes withheld by germany on dividends paid to a united kingdom parent corporation