Consider an ordinary 100w incandescent light bulb and a led light bulb that produces the same amount of light, but consumes 20w of electricity. assuming the values for purchase price and lifetime for each bulb, and a cost of electricity as given below, compute the number of hours of usage required for the led light bulb to become more cost-effective than the incandescent bulb for each case below. if the crossover in cost occurs because a new bulb must be purchased, you may take the number of hours to be equal to the time at which the bulb must be purchased. note: one year of moderate usage corresponds to ~1000 hours

Price and efficiency variances, journal entries. the schuyler corporation manufactures lamps. it has set up the following standards per finished unit for direct materials and direct manufacturing labor: direct materials: 10 lb. at $4.50 per lb. $45.00 direct manufacturing labor: 0.5 hour at $30 per hour 15.00 the number of finished units budgeted for january 2017 was 10,000; 9,850 units were actually produced. actual results in january 2017 were as follows: direct materials: 98,055 lb. used direct manufacturing labor: 4,900 hours $154,350 assume that there was no beginning inventory of either direct materials or finished units. during the month, materials purchased amounted to 100,000 lb., at a total cost of $465,000. input price variances are isolated upon purchase. input-efficiency variances are isolated at the time of usage. 1. compute the january 2017 price and efficiency variances of direct materials and direct manufacturing labor. 2. prepare journal entries to record the variances in requirement 1. 3. comment on the january 2017 price and efficiency variances of schuyler corporation. 4. why might schuyler calculate direct materials price variances and direct materials efficiency variances with reference to different points in time

Suppose general motors demands labor according to the labor demand function 푤푤= 40−0. 5퐸퐸, where 푤푤 is the hourly wage and 퐸퐸 is the number of employees. the united auto workers union has a utility function given by 푈푈=푊푊∗퐸퐸. a. in 1984, the united auto workers union started negotiations with general motors by assuming that they were a monopoly union. find the wage and employment demands that the united auto workers union would have demanded before any bargaining began. b. if general motors and the united auto workers union both had excellent bargaining representatives, would this be the final labor contract? if not, then explain in words and graphically where they would end up after the bargaining process.

Gerda, a real estate agent, is selling a moderately priced house in a subdivision. she knows from her uncle that the factory being built half a mile from the subdivision will be manufacturing dog food, using a process that creates a very strong odor that permeates the surrounding neighborhood. a buyer, who is unaware of the type of factory under construction, makes an offer on one of the houses gerda is selling, and within a short time, the deal goes through. what does this scenario best illustrate?