Platanus inc. was one of the largest manufacturers of automobile engines and fixtures. platanus inc.'s management created an automated process of improving efficiency and minimizing human error in its production process so that the company produced zero-defect engines. employees were monetarily rewarded when their units were free from defects. it also maintained relevant managerial accounting information regarding the cost of existing poor quality and efforts to improve future quality. based on the information, which of the following is the most likely conclusion? a. philosophy of strategic positioningb. philosophy of customer orientationc. philosophy of value chain managementd. philosophy of total quality management

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

During january 2018, the following transactions occur: january 1 purchase equipment for $20,600. the company estimates a residual value of $2,600 and a five-year service life. january 4 pay cash on accounts payable, $10,600. january 8 purchase additional inventory on account, $93,900. january 15 receive cash on accounts receivable, $23,100 january 19 pay cash for salaries, $30,900. january 28 pay cash for january utilities, $17,600. january 30 firework sales for january total $231,000. all of these sales are on account. the cost of the units sold is $120,500. the following information is available on january 31, 2018. depreciation on the equipment for the month of january is calculated using the straight-line method. the company estimates future uncollectible accounts. at the end of january, considering the total ending balance of the accounts receivable account as shown on the general ledger tab, $4,100 is now past due (older than 90 days), while the remainder of the balance is current (less than 90 days old). the company estimates that 50% of the past due balance will be uncollectible and only 3% of the current balance will become uncollectible. record the estimated bad debt expense. accrued interest revenue on notes receivable for january. unpaid salaries at the end of january are $33,700. accrued income taxes at the end of january are $10,100

Salt corporation's contribution margin ratio is 78% and its fixed monthly expenses are $30,000. assume that the company's sales for may are expected to be $89,000. required: estimate the company's net operating income for may, assuming that the fixed monthly expenses do not change.