The ethical, legislative, social initiative is the agency responsible for

The cost of capital: introduction the cost of capital: introduction companies issue bonds, preferred stock, and common equity to aise capital to invest in capital budgeting projects. capital is』necessary factor of production and like any other factor, it has a cost. this cost is equal to the select the applicable security. the rates of return that investors require on bonds, preferred stocks, and common equity represent the costs of those securities to the firm. companies estimate the required returns on their securities, calculate a weighted average of the costs of their different types of capital, and use this average cost for capital budgeting purposes. required return on rate: when calculating om operations when the firm's primary financial objective is to select shareholder value. to do this, companies invest in projects that earnselect their cost of capital. so, the cost of capital is often referred to as the -select -select and accruals, which a se spontaneously we hted average cost of capital wa c our concern is with capital that must be provided by select- 쑤 interest-bearing debt preferred stock and common equity. capital budgeting projects are undertaken, are not included as part of total invested capital because they do not come directly from investors. which of the following would be included in the caculation of total invested capital? choose the response that is most correct a. notes payable b. taxes payable c retained earnings d. responses a and c would be included in the calculation of total invested capital. e. none of the above would be included in the cakulation of total invested capital.

About time delivery co. incurred the following costs related to trucks and vans used in operating its delivery service: classify each of the costs as a capital expenditure or a revenue expenditure. 1. changed the oil and greased the joints of all the trucks and vans. 2. changed the radiator fluid on a truck that had been in service for the past four years. 3. installed a hydraulic lift to a van. 4. installed security systems on four of the newer trucks. 5. overhaul the engine on one of the trucks purchased three years ago. 6. rebuilt the transmission on one of the vans that had been driven 40,000 miles. the van was no longer under warranty. 7. removed a two-way radio from one of the trucks and installed a new radio with a greater range of communication. 8. repaired a flat tire on one of the vans. 9. replaced a truck's suspension system with a new suspension system that allows for the delivery of heavier loads. 10. tinted the back and side windows of one of the vans to discourage theft of contents.

Zapper has beginning equity of $257,000, net income of $51,000, dividends of $40,000 and investments by stockholders of $6,000. its ending equity is