is used to describe how changes in price affect a consumer's purchasing power, and is used to describe how a change in price affects the quantity demanded of a good by making it more or less expensive than substitute goods.

a. the income effect; the substitution effect

b. the law of demand; the income effect

c. the substitution effect; the income effect

d. the substitution effect; the law of demand

Acoase solution to a problem of externality ensures that a socially efficient outcome is to

Wang distributors has an annual demand for an airport metal detector of 1 comma 350 units. the cost of a typical detector to wang is $400. carrying cost is estimated to be 19% of the unit cost, and the ordering cost is $24 per order. if ping wang, the owner, orders in quantities of 300 or more, he can get a 10% discount on the cost of the detectors. should wang take the quantity discount? \

Ticker services began operations in 2015 and maintains long-term investments in available-for-sale securities. the year-end cost and fair values for its portfolio of these investments follow. portfolio of available-for-sale securities cost fair valuedecember 31, 2015 $ 369,060 $ 357,988 december 31, 2016 420,728 445,972 december 31, 2017 572,190 676,901 december 31, 2018 864,007 768,966 prepare journal entries to record each year-end fair value adjustment for these securities. calculation adjustment required to fair value adjustment.12/31/15 existing balance in fair value adjustment-afs (lt) required balance in fair value adjustment-afs (lt) adjustment required to fair value adjustment-afs (lt) 12/31/16 existing balance in fair value adjustment-afs (lt) required balance in fair value adjustment-afs (lt) adjustment required to fair value adjustment-afs (lt) 12/31/17 existing balance in fair value adjustment-afs (lt) required balance in fair value adjustment-afs (lt) adjustment required to fair value adjustment-afs (lt) 12/31/18 existing balance in fair value adjustment-afs (lt) required balance in fair value adjustment-afs (lt) adjustment required to fair value adjustment-afs (lt) record the year-end adjusting entry for the securities portfolio as of december 31, 2015.date general journal debit creditdec 31, 2015 record the year-end adjusting entry for the securities portfolio as of december 31, 2016.date general journal debit creditdec 31, 2016 record the year-end adjusting entry for the securities portfolio as of december 31, 2017.date general journal debit creditdec 31, 2017 record the year-end adjusting entry for the securities portfolio as of december 31, 2018.date general journal debit creditdec 31, 2018