Ecology that focuses on dynamic changes occurring in one species is ecology.
population
applied
systems

The answer is population ecology.  The purpose of this field is to research how a particular group interrelates with its surroundings to gauge how long it can continue living in a certain place.  It is also used in the study of population dynamics.

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explanation:

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as the gila monster consumes the eggs or young of the desert cottontail and gambel's quail, thus its main food supply is only accessible for a restricted time duration every year. however, for this, the gila monsters exhibit three adaptations, which elevate their survival rate in the desert condition.  

first, is that they possess huge bodies, and can consume greater concentrations of food during a small period. secondly, they require to feed infrequently as they can accumulate fat in their tails. ultimately, their rate of metabolism is very low, so that they can burn their reservoirs of fat gradually.