What did darwin notice about the life on the galápagos islands

What are charcteristics of lithosphere?

How is ribosomal rna useful as a molecular clock? a. a large portion of the dna ring is not vital to structure or function, allowing it to accumulate neutral mutations. b. its rate of mutation increases over time as organisms continue to evolve and differentiate from each other. c. a slow mutation rate makes it useful for determining evolutionary relationships between ancient species. d. it is only found in select organisms, making it easier to compare relationships between species that have it.

How energy flows through each level in this energy pyramid. is all the matter and energy from one level transferred to the next level?