What is the role of atp synthase in photosynthesis?

The role of ATP synthase in photosynthesis is to transports a proton down the gradient and uses the energy to complete the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.

Further Explanation:

Photosynthesis starts with the absorption of light or solar energy by the plant pigments called chlorophyll. The activated chlorophyll molecule helps in the electron transfer from one acceptor to another forming a chain.

The first phase of photosynthesis the light-dependent reaction in which the absorbed light is utilized to produce molecules carrying energy that is used in the second phase to form carbohydrates by reducing carbon dioxide. The first phase occurs in the grana region of the chloroplast and involves the transport of electrons through photosystem II (PS II) followed by photosystem I (PS I). The energy gained by the chlorophyll molecule is transferred to PS II in the form of electrons. These electrons are passed on further through a series of electron transporter or carrier from PS II to PS I. In photosystem I, finally, the electron is gained by NADP+ to form NADPH.

The ATP synthesis is produced by the use of proton motive force this reaction is catalyzed by ATP synthase. This a multiprotein synthase is also well-known as F0 F1 complex .The ATP molecule is synthesized when proton flow back from the inner membrane down the electrochemical proton gradient . ATP synthase has two components F1 ATPase and F0 which is embedded in the inner membrane and contain alpha, beta and C unit.

As the electrons travel along the electron transport chain, energy is released which helps in the pumping of protons (ions) into the lumen from the stroma through the thylakoid membrane. A proton gradient is developed which allows the movement of protons back to the stroma which in turn results in the formation of ATP through membrane-bound ATP synthase

The second phase of the photosynthesis is the dark reaction or the light-independent reaction happens in the stroma and utilizes the products formed during the light-dependent phase.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Plant Cell

Keywords:

ATP synthase, light dependent reaction, thylakoid, stroma, grana, membrane, photosynthesis, alpha , beta, proton motive force.

It uses the potential energy of flowing hydrogen ions to make ATP

Explanation:

c.) polymerase chain reaction

- "unlike the original dna fingerprinting method, dna profiling does not use restriction enzymes to cut the dna. instead it uses the polymerase chain reaction (pcr)? to produce many copies of specific str sequences. pcr is an automated procedure that generates lots of copies of a specific sequence of dna."

multiple allele inheritance is traits controlled by more than 2 alleles (ex: pigeons having 3 alleles of one gene govern their feather color).   so the answer is a.