Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. the n = 1 energy level has two electrons, and the n = 2 energy level has six electrons. oxygen's valence is +2 -2 +1 -1

Valence is defined as number of electrons that are present in the outermost orbital. Oxygen is in the 16th column of the periodic table and the total number of valance electrons is determined by units place digit of the column position which is 6 for oxygen. The outermost orbital is the high energy level and there are two in that orbit. So the valance is +2.

What is the difference between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells? animal cells dived by a cleavage furrow. plant cells divide by a cell plate that eventually becomes the cell wall. cytoplasm and cell membranes are necessary for cytokinesis in both plant and animals.