What are the abiotic factors associated with ecosystems?
a. temperature, animals and soil nutrients
b. temperature, water and soil nutrients
c. water, soil nutrients and grass
d. water, shelter and animal life

Option B, temperature, water and soil nutrients

Explanation:

Abiotic factors are those which do not have life in them and are unable to exhibit the functions of a living organism such as locomotion, reproduction, feeding, respiration etc.  

All the set of factors in option B  i.e temperature, water and soil nutrients are not living things as they do have any of the characteristics of living beings and thus they can be considered as abiotic factors.  

While in all other options except option B,  i.e option A, C, and D factors like animal, grass and animal life are biotic factors as they have life and are able to perform functions of living beings.  

Thus, abiotic factors associated with ecosystems are temperature, water and soil nutrients

the answer to your question is tooth decay.

a researcher conducts an experiment on the secretion of a particular hormone in mice. scientists inject mice with a substance that stimulates the production of the hormone. the scientists then test the levels of hormones produced by the mice. the tool used to measure the hormones consistently detects the levels at 10 points lower than the actual hormone levels in the mice. this tool makes measurements, but the measurements aren't .

explanation:

no u