Is the process of translating a message received into understandable language or symbols.
a. encoding
b. decoding
c. observation
d. communication

Option B

Explanation:

The process of converting a message into a form where it can be transmitted as signals from the sender to the receiver is called as encoding. However, the process of the reconverting the encoded message into intelligible forms so that a receiver could understand the message is called as decoding. However, the entire process of encoding and decoding is known as communication.  

For example -  

In order to decode a sound signals, analogue from digital are retrieved.  

Hence, option B is correct

phylogenetic tree is the tree of life or evolution tree. it shows the different branches of evolution. the sequence goes like tissues - coelom - backbone - endoskeleton - segmentation

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homunculus represents the importance of various parts of your body as seen by your brain. as a result, they take up a lot of brain space. although the cortical homunculus is a curiosity, penfield's work in mapping the brain's relationship to the body was invaluable.