If a rocky island appeared out of the water from volcano activity, what type of organism would most likely live there first?

lichens and moss

Explanation:

Lichens are formed when there is a relationship between fungi and algae, that is, a symbiotic one, as it is a union that is advantageous for both. These organisms would probably appear if a rocky island appeared out of the water due to volcanic activity, because of all the humidity that would favor fungi and because of the presence of algae in the aquatic environment. Lichens reproduce asexually on rocks, soils, barks and tree trunks, through propagules called soredium that contain algae cells and fungi hyphae.

Mosses, in turn, live in humid and shaded environments. They can grow under different substrates such as soil, rocks, tree trunks and even walls. Some species of mosses form true green carpets, covering large areas. It would be very common for mosses to appear if a rocky island appeared out of the water due to volcanic activity, due to all the humidity in the place.

affects the water bodies: excessive use of fertilizers causes eutrophication. the fertilizers which are used on plants affect the quality of land on which it is used, further causing erosion of soil. the fertilizers used on plants contain harmful chemical fumes which affect the environment.