Jill takes her children to play in the park every afternoon. she notices that since the city changed their landscaping service, the pond in the center of the park is now covered with algae. what is the most probable cause? a) too much rain b) not enough rain c) excessive application of fertilizer d) insufficient application of fertilizer

The correct answer is (c) excessive application of fertilizer.

The term associated with the formation of algal bloom in pond due to excessive application of fertilizer is called as Eutrophication. The excessive amount of nitrogen and phosphorous in fertilizers helps in excessive growth of algal bloom which makes the pond look green.The fertilizers used in agriculture comes by run-off and gets mixed in the pond, supporting the growth of algae.

Hence, excessive application of fertilizers enhances the growth of algae which appears green in color.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.