In terms of atomic structure, how are the elements of a periodic table group related?

If you take a look at the s-, p-, and d-block elements part of the periodic table, you'll see that they are arranged into 18 numbered columns, or groups. The elements in each group have the same number of valence electrons. And because of this, elements in the same group often display similar properties and reactivity.

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the oxygenated blood then leaves the lungs through pulmonary veins, which return it to the left heart, completing the pulmonary cycle. this blood then enters the left atrium, which pumps it through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. from the left ventricle, the blood passes through the aortic valve to the aorta.

deoxygenated blood leaves through the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery. from the right atrium, the blood is pumped through the tricuspid valve (or right atrioventricular valve), into the right ventricle.

the correct option is option d