Red, brown, and some green algae exhibit alternation of generations. All land plants exhibit alternation of generations. No charophytes (stoneworts) exhibit alternation of generations. Keeping in mind the recent evidence indicating charophytes are the sister group to land plants, we can infer . a. alternation of generations is not beneficial to charophytes but could re-evolve over time
b. scientists have no evidence to indicate whether or not land plants evolved from any kind of alga
c. land plants evolved directly from the green algae that perform alternation of generations
d. alternation of generations likely evolved independently in land plants as well as in red and brown algae
e. charophytes are not related to red, brown, or green algae or land plants

answer: glucoamylase presented optimum activity at temperature of 55â°c, and, in the glycosidic bonds from the non-reducing ends of starch, resulting in the production of glucose. source and type of fermentation can affect the enzyme's properties

credit to kalahira

cellular respiration oxidizes food into energy in the form of atps.

glycolysis (6 c hexose) > 2x atps are used > 6c hexose biphosphate > 2 x 3c triphosphate >

2 x 3c pyruvate (2x nadh produced from nad) and (4x atp produced)

pyruvate actively pumped mitochondrial matrix.

enzyme active site and substrate specificity

enzymes bind with chemical reactants called substrates. there may be one or more substrates for each type of enzyme, depending on the particular chemical reaction. in some reactions, a single-reactant substrate is broken down into multiple products