If proteins were composed of only 12 different kinds of amino acids, what would be the smallest possible codon size in a genetic system with four different nucleotides to have enough codons to accommidate them all

The kidneys, ureter, bladder, and urethra the body maintain homeostasis through the process of a. excretion b. specialization c. respiration d. digestion

How did the miller-urey experiment impact the way scientists think about the origins of life? use what you know about the miller-urey experiments to discuss the factors needed for life to arise, and speculate on whether life could arise on another planet.

In 2001, records showed that local stocks of fish were down worldwide. yet, records of harvests indicated that fish were being taken at records rates. what was actually happening?