If the HMS Beagle had completely bypassed the Galapagos Islands, Darwin would have had a much poorer understanding of the

you click your profile picture in the top right corner and it says edit profile.

idk im sorry.

the last one: artificial selection/genetic engineering

plant breeding is modifying the genetic composition of the plant - but this isn't cloning (which is specifically introducing a gene into a genome). but you are artificially selecting for the phenotype that you want.

the second one is literally genetic engineering - the gene would have been cloned first and then inserted or genetically engineered into the new plant cell (the cotton).