Why is the Calvin cycle also called the light-independent reactions?

These reactions are also called the light-independent reactions because they are not directly driven by light. ... Unlike the light reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, the reactions of the Calvin cycle take place in the stroma (the inner space of chloroplasts).

Overview of the Calvin cycle

Overview of the Calvin cycleThese reactions are also called the light-independent reactions because they are not directly driven by light. ... Unlike the light reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, the reactions of the Calvin cycle take place in the stroma (the inner space of chloroplasts).