In blue white screening process, transformed bacteria is identified through I. X-gal will be hydrolyzed to produce white colonies
Ii. Target gene insert prevents synthesis of beta galactosidase
Iii. Host cells without plasmid gets killed by antibiotics

desert perennials often survive by remaining dormant during dry periods of the year, then springing to life when water becomes available. most annual desert plants germinate only after heavy seasonal rain, then complete their reproductive cycle very quickly.

it is called the mitotic spindle