Content Vocabulary LESSON 2
Energy Transfers and Transformations
Directions: On the line before each clue, write the letter of the term that matches it correctly. The answer the
question that follows
1. exchanges energy with surroundings
A. energy transfer
B. law of conservation
2. is replaced as fast as or faster than it is used
of energy
C. energy transformation
3. states that energy cannot be created or destroyed D. renewable energy
resource
E. work
4. does not exchange matter or energy with the
environment
F. closed system
G resource
5. occurs when one form of energy is converted to
H. nonrenewable energy
another
resource
I. open system
6. is available in limited quantities--or is used faster
than it can be replaced in nature
7. occurs when energy moves from one object to
another without changing form
8. occurs when a force makes an object move in the
direction of the force while the force is acting on it
9. is a stock of materials, money, or other assets that
can be used as needed

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, controlling virtually every reaction within as well as providing structure and serving as signals to other cells. proteins are long chains of  amino acids  , and the exact sequence of the amino acids determines the final structure and function of the protein. instructions for that sequence are encoded in  genes  . to make a particular protein, a messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) copy is made from the gene (in the process called  transcription  ), and the mrna is transported to the  ribosome  . protein synthesis, also called  translation  , begins when the two ribosomal subunits link onto the mrna. this step, called initiation, is followed by elongation, in which successive amino acids are added to the growing chain, brought in by transfer rnas (trnas). in this step, the ribosome reads the  nucleotides  of mrna three by three, in units called  codons  , and matches each to three nucleotides on the trna, called the anticodon. finally, during termination, the ribosome unbinds from the mrna, and the  amino acid  chain goes on to be processed and folded to make the final, functional protein

Lipid because of the high percentage of carbon to carbon bonds, which store more energy than other bonds.