Thioesters are similar to oxygen esters of carboxylic acids EXCEPT that . They are more stable at neutral pH values in cells They are less stable because S is present instead of O in the linkage The energy associated with their hydrolysis is much less than that of the phosphoanhydride in ATP They are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

To answer this question, researchers studied populations of the dusky salamander (desmognathus ochrophaeus) living on different mountain ranges in the southern appalachian mountains. the researchers tested the reproductive isolation of pairs of salamander populations by leaving one male and one female together and later checking the females for the presence of sperm. four mating combinations were tested for each pair of populations (a and b)—two within the same population (female a with male a and female b with male b) and two between populations (female a with male b and female b with male a). the proportion of successful matings for each mating combination was measured. for example, when all the matings of a particular combination were successful, the researchers gave it a value of 1; when none of the matings were successful, they gave it a value of 0. then the researchers calculated an index of reproductive isolation that ranged from 0 (no isolation) to 2 (full isolation). the reproductive isolation value for two populations is the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type within populations (aa + bb) minus the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type between populations (ab + ba). the table provides data for the geographic distances and reproductive isolation values for 27 pairs of dusky salamander populations.

In which of the following relationships is one organism always benefited while the other organism is always harmed

Label the following as inner or outer planets; a) has 67 moons made mostly of hydrogen and helium b) has rings c)no moons, high volcanic activity d) known as the red planet, has 2 moons e) very thin atmosphere, moons or rings