Which would be be a direct effect caused by habitat fragmentation? A) Jaguars unable to find enough food in smaller forests
B) Harvested trees result in leaf litter for rich soil
C) Box turtles separated by a road and unable to mate
D) Waterfowl unable to breed to a drained wetland

your answer is "the 1950's"

volcanoes (an event in the geosphere) release a large amount of particulate matter into the atmosphere. these particles serve as nuclei for the formation of water droplets (hydrosphere). rainfall (hydrosphere) often increases following an eruption, stimulating plant growth (biosphere).

i believe it would cause an increase of percipitation, though i could be wrong. so i would say b is the answer.

not sure if this is what you'r looking for nnew= nold