An individual has genotype containing four pairs of genes denoted AA, Bb, Dd and ee; genes are located on autosomes. What is the genotype and ratio of this individual to produce gametes in the following cases: a) Four pairs of genes AA, Bb, Dd, ee are located on four different homologous chromosome pairs?
b) Two pairs of genes AA and Bb are located on a homologous chromosome pair; two pairs of genes Dd and ee are located on the same pair of homologous chromosomes?
c) The three pairs of genes AA, Bb, and Dd (in order) are located on one homologous chromosome pair, and the ee gene pair is located on another homologous chromosome pair?
It is known that the structure and number of chromosomes do not change during meiosis.

1) gene flow

- it is described as the transfer of genes from one population to another population so that frequency of gene is increased.

-a zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras.

2) natural selection

- a mechanism of evolutionary change in which individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce whereas the others ( those that can not adapt) eliminate from the population.

-competition for sunlight leads to taller trees.

3) mutation

- permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of dna ( genetic material) that could have harmful or useful consequences.

-the dna of a snake changes to make its venom stronger.

4) genetic drift - it is a random phenomenon ( that occurs by chance such as fire) that results in change in the gene frequency in a small population.    

-a grassfire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo and kills most of the animals.

explanation:

the growth of the plants is affected by the heat of the light. what is the student doing?