First, you introduce to the parents the importance of karyotype test, by describing its ability to detect two broad categories of abnormalities in chromosomes, (1) and (2). You provide a few examples of genetic disorders that can be caused by chromosomal abnormalities, such as (3) and (4). Some parents would like to know what is the main cause of these genetic disorders. Without going into too much detail, you explain to them that chromosomal abnormalities are usually caused by (5) in meiosis I and meiosis II, when the homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate during meiotic cell division.

Abnormalities in Chromosomes

1. Numerical

2. Structural

3. Down Syndrome

4. Turner Syndrome

5. Disorder or Error

Explanation:

Numerical chromosome abnormalities occur due to extra or missing chromosomes.  Structural chromosome abnormalities occur due to the irregular formation or rearrangement of the chromosomal DNA, normally called translocation.  Down syndrome occurs with extra chromosomes, more than 46. Turnover syndrome results from partial or missing X chromosomes, less than 46.

hey, i believe your answer would be d. sugar ribose and the base uracil. i believe this is the answer, because rna consists of sugar ribose, adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.

your first option is incorrect, because that's dna. where it consists of sugar deoxyribose, adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine.

your second option is also incorrect, this is because sugar deoxyribose is in dna, and uracil is in rna. these two do not make sense together.

your third option being incorrect, because sugar ribose is in rna, but not the base of thymine. rna consists of uracil, not thymine.

lastly your fourth option being correct! this answer is correct, because both sugar ribose, and the base uracil are in rna! ~

answer is d. sugar ribose and the base uracil.

enzyme active site and substrate specificity

enzymes bind with chemical reactants called substrates. there may be one or more substrates for each type of enzyme, depending on the particular chemical reaction. in some reactions, a single-reactant substrate is broken down into multiple products