Which type of selection is also known as diversifying selection because it tends to favor the survival of two or more different phenotypes in a heterogeneous environment

Disruptive selection.

Explanation:

Disruptive selection is also called diversifying selection because it favor the survival of two or more different types of phenotypes in a particular environment. Disruptive selection describes changes in population in which extreme values for a trait are favored whereas the intermediate values are less favored. Due to the increase the variance of the trait which leads to the division of population into two distinct groups.

a. decomposes use carbon from dead organisms as fuel for cellular respiration, returning carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere.