Volume of alr inspires in one minute/dm
before the race
5.8
after the race
20.5
(1) Calculate the difference in the volume of air inspired in one minute by the student before
the race and after the race.
Volume=
dm
(i) State two other ways in which
the students' breathing changes from before the race to
after the race
1.
[2]
2.
(ii) Explain why an increased volume of air is needed during the race.

its the first onw if i remeber

Explanation:

easy

answer; atp and nadph;

hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure