Nervous system, skeletal system, muscular system. The nervous system control the muscles and the skeletal system helps to support those muscles.
Explanation:
The nervous system consists of a set of cells specialized in conducting electrical and chemical signals, called neurons, and glial cells that are supportive. The nervous system picks up external stimuli from the environment or signals from the organism itself (internal stimuli), and this information is transmitted by nerves to the brain, where everything is processed and a signal is emitted that causes the contraction of certain muscles.
The nervous system is divided into central and peripheral systems. The central nervous system comprises the spinal cord and brain, while the peripheral nervous system comprises the nerves that connect the central nervous system to the body. Within the peripheral nervous system, there is a sensory (afferent) nervous system responsible for incorporating information from receptors (such as the eyes, the skin for touch, etc.), and a motor (efferent) system that carries the information to the muscles.
From the functional point of view, it is also differentiated into somatic and autonomic system. The somatic nervous system consists of neurons that control voluntary actions, while the autonomic nervous system is responsible for involuntary functions. And within the latter group are included the sympathetic nervous system (which is activated in situations of danger to stimulate many organ functions that cause a rapid response), the parasympathetic (which is involved in the regulation of several organs and its action is opposite to that of the sympathetic nervous system) and the enteric nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract.
The muscular system is a set of muscles that can be controlled voluntarily, if we refer to skeletal muscles. Their main function is mobility, an action that takes place when stimuli from the nervous system provoke the contraction of the muscle fibers. There are three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth and cardiac, and all of them are able to contract but they differ in certain characteristics, location and the way in which the contraction is regulated, which can be voluntary or involuntary.
Muscle tissue receives electrical impulses from the nervous system and responds to them by generating a contraction movement. The neuromuscular junction plate is the connection established between a motor neuron and a muscle, by means of which the neuron transmits electrical impulses to the muscle fiber and between them there is a space called synaptic cleft. When a nerve impulse called action potential travels through the axon of a motor neuron, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft, which binds to the muscle cell membrane and causes it to alter its membrane potential causing a depolarization that triggers contraction.
Finally, the skeletal system consists of a rigid structure formed by bones, and has several functions such as mechanical support, maintenance of posture, makes possible the bipedal position and protection of vital organs. The joints between two adjacent bones, called articulations, make muscular movements possible. In addition, the bones serve as insertion sites for the tendons of the muscles, which allow movement that is controlled by the nervous system and carried out mainly by the muscular system.
So, the nervous system control the muscles and the skeletal system helps to support those muscles.
