If the original amount of energy found in the producer trophic level is 100 kcal how much iS passed on to the primary consumer trophic level? How does this amount limit the number of members in the next higher level?

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.

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explanation:

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