Which of the following could result in secondary succession? the formation of a tall sand dune on a previously grassy beach
a vast glacier in motion forming a U-shaped valley in its wake
a volcanic eruption that covers most of what used to be a forest
an introduced species that destroys all the native plants in an area

D. an introduced species that destroys all the native plants in an area

Explanation:

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above

the answer is c. it will give up it's valence electron to the other atom.