What are the applications of IGF1R Gene Editing? IGF1R is a hetero-tetrameric protein with two identical extracellular α-subunits and two transmembrane β-subunits. The extracellular domain contains a cysteine-rich IGF-binding site. The transmembrane domain contains tyrosine kinase activity which depends on an ATP-binding site (lys1003) and a cluster of three tyrosine residues at positions 1131, 1135, and 1136. Activation of IGF1R initiates a cascade of downstream signaling pathways

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IGF1R gene editing can be used to create knock-out and knock-in cell lines and thus understand the function of IGF1R signaling pathways in different cell types  

Explanation:

In a gene knock-out strategy, a gene is targeted and inactivated (i.e., knocked out), while a knock-in strategy refers to the insertion of a gene (in this case IGF1R) into a specific locus, creating a targeted insertion that can then be used as a disease model. The Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor (IGF1R), is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor activated by the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). IGF1R plays critical roles in critical signaling pathways, including, among others, cell-type specification, cell proliferation, cell growth, etc. In consequence, CRISPR-edited cell lines can be very useful to understand IGF1R pathways, especially to understand how this receptor regulates downstream molecular cascades. The CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system has been used to generate customized IGF1R knock-out and knock-in cell lines that allow the study of altered IGF1R signaling pathways associated with disease states.

image result for how many calories of energy will 20 grams of carbohydrates provide in one gram provides 4 calories

consuming the right balance of protein, carbohydrates and fat can you maintain a healthy weight and optimize your energy levels. protein and carbohydrates both contain 4 calories per gram, while fat provides 9 calories per gram.