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Explanation:

5. The larger the cell, the harder it is to get nutrients and gases to move in and out of the cell.

6.Small

7.Small, as they have a higher surface area to volume ratio which allows them to rely on oxygen and material diffusing into the cell to survive.

8.Prokaryotic cells have internal folding of cell membrane which is responsible for certain functions like respiration.

And in Eukaryotic are compartmentalised which is a method to increase surface area.

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.