It has been proposed that the presence of black markings on the throat of kung fu geckos is coded by a dominant allele (B) and that the absence of such markings is coded by a recessive allele (b). To test this idea, heterozygous individuals are crossed (Bb x Bb) producing 500 offspring of which 350 have black markings and 150 don’t have black markings. Based on a punnett square, the expected phenotypic ratio for black markings to no black markings is 3:1. Required:
Write down the correct statistical approach to test if the data is consistent with the expected 3:1 ratio.

See the answer below

Explanation:

The correct statistical approach to test if the data is consistent with the expected 3:1 ratio would be the Chi square.

Chi-square = where O = observed frequency and E = Expected frequency. In this case:

     Phenotype                 O                   E                          Chi square

Total Chi square = 1.67 + 5 = 6.67

Degree of freedom = 1

Tabulated Chi square = 3.841

Since the calculated Chi-square is more than the tabulated value, the null hypothesis is rejected and we conclude that the data is not consistent with the expected 3:1 ratio.

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