In cocker spaniels the allele for a black coat color (B) is dominant over the allele for a brown coat color (b). If a
heterozygous black cocker spaniel is crossed with a brown
cocker spaniel, what fraction of their offspring would be expected
to have a brown coat?

a "theory" a suggestion that is not 100 % accurate, or a figure. some people say its a theory because they of all the passed theory's about one subject. it depends sometimes theory might be accurate and sometimes they are.

it cools slower in the earth meaning the crystals have more time to form than lava on the surface

succession returns a disturbed

ecosystem to a more stable state. this is also classified into two (2) types:

primary succession and secondary succession. the primary succession arises when

a new land is transformed and a bare rock has been exposed providing an environment

that can be occupied for the first time. while, secondary succession occurs

when a previously occupied environment was disturbed that kills much of all its

community

explanation:

stimulus is a change in the environment that causes an organism to react. the response is the reaction to the stimulus. some examples of stimuli for zebras are drought, to many predators, and bad feeding grounds such as dead grass or plants. zebras respond to stimuli just like all other living organisms