Farmers cross pumpkins to specifically have a round shape and deep orange color. This has been done to pumpkins since before DNA was discovered and therefore, requires no genetic modification in a laboratory. Which form of genetic engineering is most likely used by farmers to create pumpkins with a round shape and deep orange color?

Which of the following is an advantage of using embryonic stem cells in medical research? a. the use of embryonic stem cells is much less expensive than the use of adult stem cells. o b. no living tissue is damaged when scientists use embryonic stem cells. o c. embryonic stem cells are able to differentiate into a wider range of cells than adult stem cells. d. there is no controversy surrounding the use of embryonic stem cells.