7) What is the best explanation for the two statements below? "Some mountains located near the Earth's Equator have snow-covered peaks.
Icecaps exist at the Earth's poles.
A) Both mountain and Polar Regions have arid climates.
B) An increase in snowfall and an increase in temperature have a similar effect on
climate.
C) Mountain and Polar Regions receive more energy from the Sun than other
regions do.
D) D) High elevation and high latitude have a similar effect on climate.

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step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.