When molecules are very large or are being moved against their concentration gradient, energy is required to move molecules across a cell membrane. this type of movement is best described as: ?

What is a codon and where is it found

African penguins, which inhabit the coasts of southern africa, were classified as an endangered species in 2010. two significant threats to their survival are ecosystem damage from oil spills and overfishing by humans. overfishing depletes the food supply of african penguins. the best method to reduce the threat of overfishing would be to . the risk of oil spills could be reduced by increasing the use of , which should oil consumption. if an oil spill does occur, could be used to remove the oil so the ecosystem may more quickly recover.

The fruit of a certain plant is sweet and fleshy. the seeds of this plant have a seed coat that is fairly tough. the seeds germinate better if they are exposed to acid, or scarification. what is the most likely type of dispersal for this seed? water animal wind