The onset of rem sleep the release of neurotransmitters called

stops; monoamines.

Explanation:

Monoamines are biochemical substances derived from amino acids through the decarboxylation process. The main monoamines are catecholamines (namely dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine), originating from tyrosine; tryptamine-derived serotonin and histamine from histidine. All monoamines are directly related to emotional disturbances and can be blocked through REM sleep. This is because the onset of REM sleep prevents the release of these neurotransmitters called monoamines.

clumped distribution, because you'de have all of the population gathered in a relatively small are.

it's the most common because it provides protection and a mate for reproduction

example: humans, seeweed, cattles, etc.

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.