What types of experiments were required to determine if the penicillium extract was safe and killed bacteria?

The eruption of a nearby volcano causes a prairie ecosystem to receive a lot less sunlight. which of these is the most likely effect on the ecosystem? a-an increase in biodiversity. b-an increase in immigration to the area. c-a decrease in available water. d-a decrease in plant growth.

The tasmanian devil, a marsupial carnivore, is facing extinction due to devil facial tumor disease (dftd) which causes bulging cancerous lumps and lesions to erupt around the face and neck — often causing enough deformation to make seeing or eating difficult. dftd has evolved into a contagious cancer, a trait that is unique among cancers. devil mating behavior involves biting around the head and neck, allowing cells from one individual — especially cells from the crumbly dftd tumors — to be transferred to the wounds or face of a new individual. this marsupial was once found across australia, but sea levels rose, isolating the tasmanian population, while the australian population went extinct. what would be an outcome of genetic isolation that is likely to have impacted the spread of dftd? a) reduced territory puts diseased individuals in greater contact with non-diseased ones. b) inbreeding results in less variation in facial features so the cancer is generally fatal. c) genetic isolation has made it difficult for scientists to develop a vaccine against dftd. d) the lack of genetic variation in the immune system of tasmanian devils minimizes resistance to the disease.

The idea that all living things are made up of cells is considered scientific law. this means the idea is an emerging scientific idea that has a logical explanation. has been tested with similar results at least twice. is supported by scientific consensus and a large amount of evidence. has been rejected only once by the scientific community