Which is a class of extremophile?

a. fungus

b. pathogen

c. halophile

d. protist

need it fast

The correct answer is option C, halophile

Reason -

Halophiles are organisms that live in extreme climatic conditions such as high level of salt concentration which is five times larger than the salt concentration of the ocean for example Dead sea, the great salt lake, evaporation water bodies etc.  

Halophile have enzyme which causes selective import of K+ ions that regulates the osmotic pressure by increasing the internal salinity.  

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.