Osmosis, or the movement of water into and out of a cell, is directly related to the concentration gradient on both sides of the cell membrane and indirectly to the fact that
a) water has a high heat of vaporization.
b) water has hydrogen bonds that promote cohesion.
c) the adhesive properties of water promote its capillarity.
d) the polarity of water molecules make it the universal solvent.

the polarity of water molecules make it the universal solvent.

Explanation:

Osmosis, or the movement of water into and out of a cell is directly related to the the polarity of water molecules make it the universal solvent. Ions and other biomolecules dissolve readily in water. Water moves with the concentration gradient, from an area where there is a high concentration of dissolved solute to an area of low concentration.

"d.) carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide"

the cells uses some of the atoms of the glucose molecules to atp molecules. the atoms of the glucose molecules will then be converted into energy which will be eventually stored in atp. the energy produced which are stored in atp are coming from the glucose’s chemical bonds.